CEREBRAL PALSY
It’s a non progressive neuromuscular disorder causing delicate to severe disabilities throughout life.This condition is manifested as a cluster of persisting qualitative motor disorders that seem in young kids due to damage to the brain throughout delivery or due to some pathological conditions in the intrauterine life.The neuroligical issues are multiple but non progressive in nature.Approximately a pair of per 100 live birth has this problem.This disease is having no hereditary tendency.
Causes of cerebral palsy:
1) Injury to the brain throughout delivery.
2) As a complication of forceps delivery.
three) Lack of oxygen provide to the baby during delivery.
4) Infections throughout delivery.
Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy:–
The signs and symptoms may not be similar in all babies affected.Depending upon the damage to the brain there could be delicate to severe lesions.
Mild cases:- twenty% children will have delicate disability.
Moderate cases:-50% cases are having moderate disability.The affected children need self help for assisting their impaired ambulation capacity.
Severe cases:-Regarding thirty% of the affected kids are totally incapacited and bedridden and they allways need care from others.
Abnormal findings in cerebral palsy:-
one,Abnormal neonatal reflexes.
2,Stiffness of all muscles with awkward motion.
three,Extention of extremities on vertical suspension of the infant.
4,Scissoring of the lower limbs thanks to spasm of the adductor muscles of the thigh.
5,In severe cases the back bend backwards like and arch.
vi,Could have total or partial paralysis.
7,Arrest of neurological and behavioral developement.
eight,Swallowing could be difficult in some cases.
nine,Drooling of saliva.
10,Mild to severe mental retardations.
11,Abnormal movements are seen in some cases.
twelve,Tremors with typical movements.
13,If cerebellum is affected there can be loss of muscle tone with problem in walking.
14,Complete or partial loss of hearing.
15,Speech could be affected.
16,Squint and alternative visual problems might be associated.
seventeen,Convulsions may be seen in some children.
Cerebral palsy is diagnosed by detailed clinical examination and by eliminating different similar diseases like brain tumour, progressive atrophy ect.All investigations like CT scan,MRI and routine investigations are required to ruleout different diseases.
Management of carebral palsy:–
General management:
This includes correct nutrition and personal care. Symptomatic medicines are required to cut back convulsions and muscle stiffness. Diazepam will cut back spasticity and athetosis.
Dantrolene sodium helps to relax skeletal muscles.
Physiotherapy:
Here massage,exercise, hydrotherapy and ect are needed.Special coaching is given to coach walking,swallowing and talking.The affected kids are trained to carry articles for routine activities.
Rehabilitation:
Moral and social support should be given to these children.They must be send to special colleges where special training will be given by trained staff.Mentally retarded children want special training.Depending up on the disabitity special instruments and machines are given for locomotion and to assist their daytoday activities.
Occupational therapy:
This is given by occupational therapists.They train the disabled individuals to try and do some suitable works thus that these folks can have their own income.
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